Trade Union Density Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trade Union Density - Assignment Example The main factors such as economic, social and political are examined in detail in relation to their effects on the trade union in UK. One of the underlying aspect of the trade union movement in UK has been the economic bargaining power of the combined unit of employees against the perceived unjust behavior of the capitalist class, which has been a key contentious issues within the labor union movement. This essay also examines issues of the future of the trade union, and the ways in which the future trade unions will behave and formulate their strategic direction in a global economy. One of the key conclusions of this research is that the although new technologies will present a threat to the trade union movement in UK, however the need for a fair system of checks and balances will be needed, and the role of the trade union in the industrial relations systems in UK will be increased. ... However, the industrial relations in UK have not always been highly regulated, as the owners of factories and business used their influence to exploit the working class (Karnes, 2009, Fishman, 2005). The industrial revolution in UK has a huge effect on the working class, as the population was then required to work on the shop floors and factories, rather than on farms (Williams, 1997, Williams and Adam-Smith, 2009). Within this new environment, there was a rapid rise in the number of employees who has to proceed from medieval guilds of Europe to the modern trade union system, and saw the rise of the modern trade union in UK (Rose, 2008) 2 Factors Influencing Changes in Union Member Ship The first formation of the trade Union in UK was in 1987, by the royal commission, which was based on the notion of giving employees and employers equal benefits from this structure (Williams and Adam-Smith, 2009). The trade unions worked as employee committees, which worked to improve the socio-econo mic conditions of the employees, and formed the basis of the Labor party (Williams and Adam-Smith, 2009). The era of Margret Thatcher saw the powers of these trade unions being decreased, as the then prime minister worked to make strikes illegal. It was in this era that the trade union suffered, and number of members in the trade union started to fall in 1980 and 1990s, as employees saw other routes to get their grievances solved by the employer (Fishman, 2005, Laybourne, 1997, Wallis et al., 2005, Williams and Adam-Smith, 2009). This rise and fall in the last 40 years has been due to a number of factors, which have been characterized as economic, political

A Comparasion of Rack Supprted Warehouse vs. Conventional Steel Frame Research Paper

A Comparasion of Rack Supprted Warehouse vs. Conventional Steel Frame Buildings - Research Paper Example Warehouse construction is a flourishing industry and thus requires sophisticated methods of construction to fulfill the requirement. Loading and unloading of goods is required that are stored on pallets which are in turn placed on pallet racks. Cranes and forklifts are used to transport these goods to and from the pallets racks to the transportation vehicles. Conventional steel frame structures have been used to build the warehouses, but with the advancement of technology, rack supported warehousing is also in practice. But the two structural designs need to be analyzed and compared in terms of their usage, economic viability, technical feasibility and storage capacity. The two structural systems will be explained briefly before proceeding with the comparison. Steel frame structure A skeleton frame is used in the conventional steel frame which is based on vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams or trusses. The roofs and walls are attached to the frame and are supported by const ructing the building in a rectangular grid. Material storage is provided through freestanding racks (Kotecki and McHugh, 2009). Hot rolled steel structures and cold form steel structures are the two types of steel frame structures. A wide choice is available in the cross sections of the single storied hot rolled steel industrial building, but economical viability is usually granted through limited number of shapes. A 250Mpa of strength is yielded by the cross section used in the hot rolled steel industrial building (Satpute and Varghese, 2012). The cold form steel building is a pre-engineered structure that has been tested through time for its aesthetic and structural quality. Components of cold form steel Main frame, which is based on I-sections with columns and rafters made of hot rolled sections. Secondary frame, which is provided through Z or C sections. Purlins, eave struts and side girts are used. Wind bracing is provided through circular cross section rods. Exterior cladding is provided through trapezoidal sheeting. Various options are provided through the steel frame construction in terms of width, height and roof slope to suit the operational requirement of the main building structure that will house the pallet racks. In case of a warehouse the following options are commonly used: Clear span, straight column steel building frame: no interior supporting columns are needed, which provides a column free space for steel storage racks (Armstrong Steel, 2012). Width =16’ to 50’ and over, Height =8’ to 60’ and over, Standard roof slope = 1/2:12 to 1:12. Multiple span, straight column steel building frame: interior columns are provided to distribute the load and reduce the cost (Armstrong Steel, 2012). Width =10’ to 600’ and over, Height of=20’ to 60’ and over, standard roof slope =1/2:12. Multiple spans, tapered column steel building frame: tapered columns and interior straight columns are provided in t his structure (Armstrong Steel, 2012). Width = 10’ to 600’ and over, Height =20’ to 60’ and over, standard roof slope =1/2:12. Multiple spans, single slope steel building frame: a sloped roof is provided by adding walls of different height on both the sides creating a slope (Armstrong Steel, 2012). Width =10’ to 600’ and over, Height =20’ to 60’ and over, Standard roof slope =1/2:12. The above options may provide the main frame, but free standing pallet racks may be required separately to store the goods. A teardrop style is used to manufacture these racks. The pallets rest on the horizontal load beams that are held in position by mounting clips. The shelves can be adjusted

3. Identify some examples of West Afrian heritage or survivalisms Essay

3. Identify some examples of West Afrian heritage or survivalisms among African Americans - Essay Example African heritage among African Americans is the Black Arts Movement as a cultural explosion to witness the incorporation of the surviving cultural attire with contemporary fashion elements and the traditional clothing of the West Africans. This led to the development of a traditional style which was uniquely African-American. The most popular African textile is Kente cloth. Originally, the Ewe and Ashanti peoples of Togo and Ghana used to make such festive woven patterns. Kente fabric can be seen in different fashions of the West Africans including casual t-shirt, cummerbunds, and formal bow ties. African Americans have been wearing the traditional African clothing both formally and informally since the commencement of the Black Arts Movement. Vibrant colors, trade beads, mud cloth, and jewelry and couture made with Adinkra motifs are other manifestations of the commonly witnessed traditional African dress elements in the African American culture. Another aspect of fashion commonly f ound in the African American culture is use of appropriate dress for worshipping. In most Black churches, people are expected to present themselves in the best possible way for

Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Globalisation - Essay Example This country has a multi-ethical population of 39 million as per 2010 of which 82.6% are Christians, 11.2% Muslims and other religions take the remaining 6%. It is currently in a transition stage trying to implement a new constitution that was adapted in 2010 a process in which it is planning to move from its current administrative subdivisions of 140 districts and 7 provinces to a form that will have 47 counties each with an elected governor. The GDP of this country as by 2010 was estimated at $ 32 billion with an annual growth rate of 5.4%. Its main parts of the economy are tourism, agriculture, and light industries. In addition, it has six full-pledged public universities and approximately thirteen private ones (Bureau of public affairs 2012). Globalization has played a great role in shaping the African economic and political landscape (Falola & House-soremekun 2011). Kenya being one of them, it has experienced drastic changes on various aspects of its economy. Agriculture is the engine of the Kenyan economy (Robbins & Ferris 2003). Although Kenya has almost all its northern and northeastern parts as semi-arid, it continues to enjoy vast agricultural productions from its southern, western, and central part that are agriculturally productive. In the recent years, we have had what we call globalization of markets, which has enabled this country to export its excess agricultural products. It has also enabled it to get more farm inputs and equipment to enhance its agricultural productivity. Globalization, through globalized market has been a very big boost to the economy of this country. Another impact of globalization on Kenya’s agricultural sector is attraction of foreign investors. These investors, who have mainly invested in horticultural products planted on large tracts of land for export, have caused an increase in Kenya’s exports to other countries resulting to Kenya being ranked among the leading exporters of vegetables and other horticultu ral products in the European Union market (Mithofer & Waibel 2011). Another important sector of this country economy is the tourism sector. This country has a vast range of natural resources that include landscape, people, climate, and wildlife (Bowden 2007). These natural resources act as tourists’ attraction. Globalization has enabled this country to enjoy an increasing number of tourists’ visitation. According to Jafari (2003), Kenya is the most popular tourists’ destination in Africa, receiving about 6% of the total tourists who visit the African continent. This sector has played a very vital role in this the economic development of this country. Another way that globalization has contributed in improvement of this sector is through attraction of foreign investors. These investors build resorts and other facility on tourist attraction points, which provide accommodation and other services to tourists. Actually, I think is the sector of the Kenyan economy tha t has experienced the impact of globalization. Globalization has also influenced greatly the Kenyans ‘lifestyle. With market diversity, which results from globalization, Kenya has been able to import some of the products that it does not produce locally. According to (USTR 2005) Kenya is currently the 80th largest export market for U.S. goods. These exports have greatly influenced the people’s lifestyle form their eating habits to the way they communicate and socialize with one another. It is

Crocargo Logistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Crocargo Logistics - Essay Example The business has been unable to generate enough capital to increase the ultimate profitability of the firm. The fundamental problem highlighted in this case is that of an inadequate costing system and an internal environment characterized by friction. The company is operating in a very hostile and competitive marketplace. The costing system that is needed to support the operations of the company is totally inadequate to keep the company operational for a very long time. The current costing system has been developed by the company’s operations manager who is more than satisfied with her costing system. She is not willing to take anyone’s opinion regarding the problems inherent in her system, as a result of which the company is not accounting for the costs it is actually incurring. The general manger of the company has finally realized this problem and has called for an external help who would suggest a more competitive costing method. Introduction An activity-based costi ng technique is one of those techniques which enable a company to identify its costs objects more accurately. This aspect of this technique has profound implications on a business, for instance it allows a company to identify unnecessary costs, price its products or services more efficiently and last but not the least it allows a company to be more competitive in its industry. ... So it goes like more the environment is competitive, more the costing system needs to be sophisticated. The costing system should effectively match costs with different cost objects. All these objects are integral to the ABC costing system (Brimson, 1991). Since the level of competition is high in the service competition, therefore a service firm needs to accurately estimate its costs. This new change in the industry has made costing a strategic issue; it has become so important that it effects long-term strategic decisions as well as day-to-day operating decisions. Costing has become so important because it helps a firm in: product or service organization, staffing and resource allocation. Accurate costing allows a company to plan resource consumption, price services properly and implement different strategies. But it is very difficult to initiate an Activity Based costing in a service firm, because in a service firm an employee is engaged in multiple activities involving different time-period. This makes it difficult to trace the resources consumed by a cost object (Cagwin and Bouwman, 2002). Even though the service industry is interested in implementing an activity based costing system, but since these models are made using the activity based costing models of a manufacturing firm as frame of reference, therefore the industry is facing multiple problems with regards to this technique’s implementation. The fundamental problem for this service industry is the absence of inventory, which receives an utmost importance while undergoing a valuation process. Other important cost variables are direct material and labor which are also absent in a service industry. This leads to a problem of estimating

Automotive component Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Automotive component - Assignment Example It is part of the wheels of the machine which offer a lot of advantages in the automobile ensemble, as well as within the auto industry in general. The wheels make the automobiles run, and the tires are the coverings of the wheels to make the ride pleasant. They protect the total ensemble from crumbling into pieces when they are used. What are tires ? Tires are parts of automobile that provides the coverings for wheels that is used for the general locomotion of the whole machine. They are black donut like forms generally made up of rubber and other complex materials. Tires make the automobiles steer, brake and corner easily along the road. The presence of tires makes the ride comfortable and safe. Tires must be durable and they make the automobiles last for long time. What are Tires Made of? Tires are products of engineering technology mostly made up of rubber. Rubber compounds come from polymers such as Natural Rubber, Isoprene Rubber, Styrene Butadiene and others. They are mixed wi th softeners, reinforcement materials and other various chemicals. Mostly, natural rubber coming from rubber trees are the preferred materials used to manufacture tires. Rubbers are the most suitable materials for tires because they have high tear strength, wear resistance, impact resilience, and low heat generation. In order for the rubbers to achieve such characteristics, they are subjected to heat and pretreated with various chemicals. The rubber materials are enhanced with substances such as waxes and antioxidants. These substances protect the rubber from aging and wearing caused by heat, ozone and deflection. Tires are structured with steel cords to provide reinforcement and strong body. These steel cords have high level of carbon content to assure that the tires would have superior tensile strength with high modulus of elasticity in the entire length. The total performance of tires depends upon the construction of these cords to assure that tires are durable and would last a l ong period of time (Tire Materials, n.d). What are the design parameters of tires? Tires look simple from the outside, but they are actually mixtures of various materials processed and designed through sophisticated equipment and facilities. They are intricately formed and manufactured so as to make them durable, flexible, and make them last long. There are many parameters in the design of tires to consider them as those having high quality. Tires are designed with tread, beads and sidewalls. Treads are the patterned and molded surfaces that come in contact with the road surface. The body and sidewalls gives the shape of the tire and the rubber covered beads embedded with metals and wires holds the wheel tires. The tread depth is the parameter that shows the wear and tear of the tire. It can be measured through the difference of the top of the rubber tread with the bottom of the deepest grooves of the tire. The tread wear percentage is calculated for the remaining usability of the e ntire tire. Tires have maximum load. The load of the tire is related to the overall size and diameter of the tire. Tires with higher loads are considered to have stronger internal construction. Tires are also marked with their allowable inflation pressure for the general safe operation for tires with specific load ratings. Every tire has an allowable recommended inflation pressure

Directors in Film Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Directors in Film Industry - Essay Example This paper will compare and contrasts the style and technique of two directors: Sergio Leone and Alejandro Jodorowsky. Sergio Leone and Alejandro Jodorowsky are considered as great directors as they were successful in their directors’ roles, which spanned over several decades. In particular, Sergio Leone managed to merge his own brand of epic myth-making and his movie-made dreams to create films that performed exceptionally well and earned the generic signature of their own. Although the films that he directed such as â€Å"the Good, the bad and the Ugly†, For a Few Dollars More, and A Fistful of Dollars† had initially been mocked as being nihilistically violent spaghetti Westerns, they stirred up the floundering genre which turned Leone into an internationally-acclaimed director (Frayling 47). Leone is not just considered a great director based on the films that he directed, but also based on the huge influence that he had in the film industry from the late 1960s until the time of his death in 1989. More importantly, Leone is credited for establishing a parallel filmmaking education thereby inspiring and nurturing many upcoming artists in the industry. His creativity made him to be adored in the film industry; in particular, the film titled â€Å"A Fistful of Dollars† (1964) was a sheer display of creativity. This film was centred on a gory conflict that involved a sly gunslinger and rival families and was a re-imagination of hallowed Western myths. The movie had pastoral settings accompanied by folk instruments, sound effects, and surf guitar. It is the subsequent films that he directed that sealed his status as one of the world’s premier directors. A more expansive sequel that he directed â€Å"The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly† (1966) was popular in Europe and America despite criticism from some quotas that he was desecrating the Western. Besides, this film revived Hollywood’s interest regarding the ailing genre , thereby creating avenues for new cycle of Western critics (Frayling 105). Like Sergio Leone, Alejandro Jodorowsky was an equally great director and he made his mark in the visual arts and film industry. Most cult cinema enthusiasts venerate him and his contribution in the film industry is acknowledged wide and far. His films presented magical and strange visions that cannot be understood or categorized easily. It is important to note that his role in the film industry was informed by his life experiences and beliefs. Particularly, Jodorowsky was informed by his spiritual journey (Cobb 38). Therefore, it is not surprising to see his cinematic output being filled with a hybrid blend of religious provocation and mysticism, as well as violently surreal images. Not only did his films provide entertainment to the audience, but also inspired youth counterculture movement specifically in the late 1960s and some early years of 1970s. His greatness is depicted by the fact that unlike other directors who were celebrated as contributors in critical establishment, Jodorowsky gained his prominence by bringing esoteric and surreal sensibilities to the screen through his controversial films such as El Topo, and Fando y Lis. His greatness is also depicted in the multiple capabilities that he had: he wrote films, he starred in some of personal films, as well as scoring and directing the films. Additionally, he brought new ideas and