In what ways can terrorism be distinguished from other forms of Essay

In what ways can terrorism be distinguished from other forms of violent conflict Can terrorism ever be justified - Essay Example Political Scientist seem unable to agree on a single or uniform meaning of the term terrorism, although they agree in principle that terrorism is a means to a political or social end.(Beinin, 12, 23) Perhaps the most dramatic definition of terrorism is provided by Netanyahu who describes terrorism as: Alex Schmid and Albert Jongman examined a complex range of definitions of terrorism and isolated five common denominators. (Schmid and Jongman, 5) A common element that accounted for at least a 83.5 per cent consistency was the use of force or violence. (Schmid and Jongman, 5) At least 65 per cent of the definitions agreed that acts of terrorism were political in nature. (Schmid and Jongman,5) Another 52 per cent of the definitions agreed that acts of terrorism involved the use of fear or terror, 47 per cent agreed that threats were used in terrorism plots and 41 per cent agreed that terrorists aimed to product psychological impact. (Schmid and Jongamn, 5) Other forms of violent conflict are generally attributed to war, guerrilla activity, insurgency and crime in general. Crime itself is categorised under two distinct heads. It can either be committed on an individual basis or it can be a joint enterprise as often is the case in instances of organized crime. (Cunningham and others, 7) Crime involves the intentional breaking of the law and violent crime involves some sort or assault either with or without a weapon. Like terrorism, â€Å"violent crimes involve force or threat of force.† (FBI) In a very real sense, violent crime is similar to terrorism since it involves a degree of force. The similarities between war and terrorism are obvious. Both forms of violent conflict have political or social aims and both involve the use of violence. Guerrilla warfare and activities are generally perpetuated during a formal or informal war either between

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Management Accounting - Essay Example Traditionally, Airlines did not charge for the initial two pieces of luggage unless it exceeded the weight limitations imposed by the company. However, in the contemporary environment there is an accelerating trend of charging the customers with baggage fees. American Airline became the first major airline to impose a $15 fee on checked luggage which was soon matched by other companies. United Airlines recently begin charging its passengers $50 to check a second bag. The same policy was adopted by US Airways just after three weeks when United Airlines implemented the policy. Currently, most of the major airlines charge $15 to check one bag, $25 for a second bag and as much as $ 125 for a third bag with only exceptions include Southwest Airlines, JetBlue Airways and Alaska Air Group which allow transporting one bag for free. The baggage-fee frenzy has made many airline passengers wonder: Isnt luggage part of the service you get when you buy a ticket? Customers are astonished that what it actually costs these airlines to fly the 40 pound suitcase. Airlines are cognizant of the negative reactions sparked among the customers due to charges related to baggage fees. The trend has caused great annoyance among the customers but according to government sources these baggage related fees have become a boon for airline industry by saving billions of dollars for these cash deficient airlines. According to the US Department of Transportation, only baggage related fees from the US Airline Industry accounted to $1.15 Billion in year 2008 (Smith, 2009). According to the recent data, the companies in US Airline Industry collected $670 million only in baggage fees in the second quarter of year 2009 which is also a growth of 18.2% from the last quarter. It is estimated that only United Airlines will be able to earn more than $100 million on baggage related fees (CAPA, 2009). There are several reasons behind the math of baggage related fees. Firstly, in the

Video-based training programs Essay Example for Free

Video-based training programs Essay Video-based training programs are being implemented at an ever-increasing rate across the country. While this type of training should certainly not be the only method that is used to train your employees, it is very effective and can offer significant advantages over other training methods. ADVANTAGES There are many advantages to video-based training. However, only the most significant ones are discussed here. Save Development Time. You can shorten your training cycle because you will have the ability to deliver â€Å"just-in-time† training where and when you need it. Facilitation materials with activities and discussion points can be used in whole or in part to create training events that run anywhere from one to four hours. Add Variety to the Delivery Mix. Workshops and lectures can become routine and boring. Video provides a change of pace and can add an entertainment factor that is not possible in a live presentation. Videos can also be used to supplement a face-to-face workshop to stimulate discussion, demonstrate concepts that could not otherwise be presented, and provide meaningful examples of the topic at hand. The more the senses are engaged in the content, the more the participants will learn. Build a Resource Library. Building a video and/or DVD library allows you to offer a broader range of training. You will no longer be limited to custom in-house development or scheduled classroom events. Trainees can check out a DVD or access video training online. RECOMMENDATION Video-based training materials save your organization time and money, and they make your business look progressive. Because they help build learning retention, they can also improve the return on your training investment. The next step should be a formal review of your training needs and an evaluation report to be completed by a professional video-based training firm with a proven track record.

Medicine and Drugs - Direct to Consumer Pharmaceutical Marketing Essay

The Problems of Direct to Consumer Pharmaceutical Marketing      Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration relaxed its restrictions on direct-to-consumer marketing of pharmaceuticals. Prior to this ruling, drug manufacturers were prohibited from mentioning both the name of the drug and its indications in consumer-directed advertisements without also including a large amount of technical information about the drug, including all known side effects, contraindications, and dosage recommendations (Stevens, 1998). In addition to interfering with the appeal of the advertisements, such requirements rendered broadcast ads infeasible due to time constraints, and hindered ads in print media due to cost and space availability. These requirements were abolished in the 1997 FDA policy changes, and pharmaceutical companies were permitted to market drugs by name as treatments for specific conditions, with the minimal requirement that ads give mention to major risks identified in clinical trials (Melillo, 2001). As a result, manufacturer expenditures on direct-to-consumer advertising, which totaled $791 million in 1996, rose to $2.6 billion for the year 2000 (Mitchell, 2001). Television, radio, and print media became saturated with ads promoting treatments for conditions ranging from depression to high cholesterol. Names such as Zoloft, Claritin, and Lipitor, which were previously known mostly to health professionals, quickly became part of the national vocabulary. Consequently, spending on prescription drugs has increased significantly over the past several years as consumers are enticed to seek advertised medications (HealthBizNews.com, 2001).    This new face of drug marketing has sparked a raging debate about the accompanying e... ...e of drug advertising?" Business Week. May 22, 2000. p52. Melillo, Wendy. "Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising Under Fire Senate to Determine if Such Work Hikes Prescription Costs." Adweek. May 21, 2001. Mitchell, Steve. "Drug advertising raises concerns." www.msnbc.com. 2001. Miller, Susan. "Rx view: DTC Ads Provide the Right Prescription." Brandweek. June 2 29, 1998. "Selling Drugs." American Demographics. January, 1998. p. 26. Shapiro, Joseph and S. Schultz. "Prescriptions: How your doctor makes the choice." US News and World Report. February 19, 2001. p. 58. Stevens, Tim. "To Your Health." Industry Week. September 7, 1998. p. 56. "Subcommittee Hears Debate on Cosumer Drug Advertising." www.healthbiznews.com. 2000. Tanner, Lindsey. "Health and Science: Doctors propose ban on drug advertising." Nando Times. www.nando.net. June 18, 2001.

Humanism: Link between Religion and Science Essay

Humanism is probably the greatest contribution of the Renaissance period which changed not just the political and religious climate of the era but also started the scientific explorations that lead to the advancements in science we enjoy today. The American Humanist Association defines humanism as â€Å"a progressive philosophy of life that, without theism and other supernatural beliefs, affirms our ability and responsibility to lead ethical lives of personal fulfillment that aspire to the greater good of humanity. Humanism is said to have paved the way to the ideological, political and religious explorations during the Renaissance and Reformation periods that eventually gave birth to Scientific Revolution. To better appreciate the role of humanism in the advancement of science, we need to look at the events surrounding the Renaissance period. Renaissance, which refers to the period 1400 to 1650, is between medieval Christian era and Scientific Revolution. It is a period between religious domination and enlightened exploration. According to Kreis in his lecture on Renaissance Humanism, it is a period between â€Å"faith and reason. In medieval Christian civilization, only one church existed- the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope, who is the head of the church, governs everyone. People rely on God and prefabricated doctrines for every decision. Everyone is demanded to obey and believe. In the society, individuals are subordinate to the majority. Collective thoughts and decisions reign over individual preferences. Laws and customs regulate everything that happens in the land. People have no individual rights. Questioning authorities is not permissible. People are not allowed to think for themselves and explore their potentials. Renaissance period gave birth to humanism. According to Kreis in Renaissance Humanism, humanism promoted â€Å"independence of medieval tradition. † It shattered every fabric of the medieval influence. It brought people from blind obedience to progressive thinking. Humanism reformed the mind of people. It gave individuals a new way of looking at themselves and the world. It promoted self worth and confidence to the individual. It encouraged people to think for themselves, explore new ideas, learn new things and express their thoughts. It gave people the opportunity to view themselves apart from the church and society. This freedom bred doubts about the old system. People started challenging the norms and laws of society that held them captive. They started to question the authority and teachings of the church. Niccolo Machiavelli, one of the thinkers of Renaissance wrote â€Å"God is not willing to do everything, and thus take away our free will and that share of glory which belongs to us† (p. 95). This is a humanist statement challenging God and his authority. Machiavelli mentioned â€Å"free will† which is opposed to the collective decision and religious obedience of medieval Christians. Furthermore, he also referred to the â€Å"glory which belong to us† encouraging people to recognize their worth instead of subjecting themselves to the dictates of society. The freedom to challenge norms and explore new things started by the humanists instigated the Protestant Reformation that divided the Roman Catholic Church. Furthermore, it also led to interests not only in personal development, politics and religion but also in the natural world. People started to notice their environment and find new things. This new-found curiosity about nature set up the Scientific Revolution.

Is “Othello” Best Regarded as a Domestic Tragedy or as a...

Written in 1604, during Shakespeare’s great tragic period, â€Å"Othello† is one of his most highly concentrated, tightly constructed tragedies, with no subplots and little humour to relieve the tension. Although he adapted the plot of his play from the sixteenth-century Italian dramatist and novelist Giraldi Cinthios Gli Hecatommithi, Shakespeare related almost every incident directly to the development of Iagos schemes and Othellos escalating fears. This structure heightens the tragedys ominous mood and makes the threat to both Desdemonas innocence and the love she and Othello share more terrifying. Because of its varied themes of racism, love, jealousy and betrayal the play remains relevant today and is still quite popular. A domestic†¦show more content†¦In Desdemona’s last words it is apparent that she and Othello’s relationship meant something to her and she is deeply hurt and saddened as she is â€Å"...falsely murdered!† (act V sc. II). Yet staying true to her husband in a final act of love she tries to redeem him of wronging her by saying that she killed herself. Desdemona is a more plausible and well-rounded figure, a good, faithful and obedient wife. She tends to be seen and presented as a stereotypically weak and submissive character however we see in Act I Scene III that this is not the case when she declares her love for Othello and defends him against the claims of witchcraft that he faces. When asked where most she owes obedience, she retorts; â€Å"My noble father, I do perceive here a divided duty. To you I am bound for life, and education: My life and education both do learn me, how to respect you. You are the Lord of duty, I am hitherto your daughter. But here’s my husband; and so much duty, as my mother show’d to you, preferring you before her father: So much I challenge, that I may profess Due to the Moor my Lord.† (act I sc. III) However, as the marriage progresses she becomes very submissive, shown on the occasions when Othello is in a jealous rage and acts dismissive, rude and violent toward her. She does not retaliate, only obeys. â€Å"Be as your fancies teach you;

What Is the French Verb Conjugation of Agréer

As you might expect, the French verb  agrà ©er  means to agree. The translation is easy and conjugating it to fit a sentence is pretty simple as well because it follows a common verb conjugation pattern. Conjugating the French Verb  Agrà ©er Agrà ©er  is a  regular -er verb. This means that it follows the same conjugation rules as other verbs that end in -er, such as  admirer  (to admire) and  attacher  (to attach). You will find that what you learn for the conjugation of one of these verbs can be applied to the others. To conjugate agrà ©er, use the chart to match the subject pronoun -- the j, tu, nous, etc. -- with the appropriate tense. For example, I agree is jagrà ©e and we will agree is nous agrà ©erons. At first, concentrate on the present, future, and passà © composà © conjugations as you will use these most often. Subject Present Future Imperfect j agre agrerai agrais tu agres agreras agrais il agre agrera agrait nous agrons agrerons agrions vous agrez agrerez agriez ils agrent agreront agraient Agrà ©er  and the Present Participle The  present participle  of agrà ©er  is agrà ©ant. Notice how we simply changed the -er  ending to  -ant. This can be used as a verb, though you may also find it useful as an adjective, gerund, or noun in certain circumstances. The Passà © Composà © and Past Participle To form the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  of  agrà ©er  and express agreed, you will need to construct a short phrase in French. This is done with the  auxiliary verb  avoir, which needs to be conjugated to fit the subject. You will then use the  past participle  of agrà ©Ãƒ ©Ã‚  for every subject. For example, I agreed becomes jai agrà ©Ãƒ ©. More  Agrà ©er Conjugations There are a few more  agrà ©er  conjugations that you may need to know. While the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are primarily for formal writing, the other two are in common use. Use the subjunctive verb mood when you want to express that someones agreement is not certain. The conditional also implies a degree of ambiguity as its used when the act of agreeing is dependent on something. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j agre agrerais agrai agrasse tu agres agrerais agras agrasses il agre agrerait agra agrt nous agrions agrerions agrmes agrassions vous agriez agreriez agrtes agrassiez ils agrent agreraient agrrent agrassent When you want to use the imperative to quickly express a request or command, you can skip the pronoun. For instance, rather than say tu agrà ©e, you can just use agrà ©e. Imperative (tu) agre (nous) agrons (vous) agrez